Wednesday, September 28, 2016

Post Debate Analysis

David:
That was a bit of fun, blogging in real-time during the debate. We'll have to repeat during the next one, if the polling still looks close.



Doug:
That was a real marathon. I was exhausted after the live-debate. A real mental exercise: writing, reading, and listening. Why only live-debate if it is close? Isn't as interesting regardless?

David:
If nothing is riding on the debates, who cares? Although plenty of people may still watch, hoping for a train wreck.

Listening to some post-debate pundits discussing the results, it looks like we were pretty spot on. Trump appeared strong in the first 30 minutes, but missed a lot of opportunities. Clinton stayed slow and steady during the last portion, and looked presidential during that portion.

Doug:
That is nice of you to say that. Many Republicans would never be able to admit that she "looked presidential".

David:
He will likely do a little bit of prep work before the next debate. He missed a lot of low-hanging fruit, and clearly feels a strong urge to defend himself whenever he feels attacked. He needs to learn to pivot to the issues when you get a biased question, or if you get a question that hits on your weaknesses. Bill Clinton was a master at that tactic. Every question ended up with a discussion about the economy.

But I'm not sure that anyone was moved. Media pundits believe Clinton won, and online polling indicates Trump won.

Doug:
Well, online polling is just a gang of people getting other people to vote. That is in no way an unbiased sample. In fact, it is self-selected, the worse kind of biased sample. So, I wouldn't even look at online poll results. Media pundits probably all prefer the status quo. Besides, the entire venture of determining a "winner" is missing the point. We all win for being able to hear the candidates think on their feet.

David:
Online polling, then, does show which candidate has enthusiasm on their side. People who will get other people to vote for their candidate in a poll have to be motivated. Even the MSNBC and TIME online polls were 70-30 for Trump. Trump supporters would have had to go to liberal websites just to alter results. That effort takes some enthusiasm to support your candidate.

Doug:
Sure, I'd be glad to concede that online polls measure enthusiasm (or orchestrated activism) for a candidate. But that has no bearing on who actually "won" the debate. Nor does it have any indication on the probable outcome of the election. That could explain why Romney was very certain that he had won the last one.

David:
I do think that Lester Holt displayed too much favoritism. He hammered Trump with repeated follow-up questions, but didn't for Hillary. His question to Trump about his tax returns was longer than Hillary's answer about her emails, an issue that continues to drip, drip, drip as we're writing. And she had no follow up questions.

Doug:
It must be hard to be fair between two people who are so uneven. False equivalency might lead you to think that Trump's tax issue is on the same level as Clinton's email server. Lester seemed to do a very good job. I can't think of anything that he could have improved upon. Well, maybe stop Trump from interrupting Clinton so much. That was very disruptive.

David:
He asked Trump six (6) follow up questions during the debate, and asked Clinton zero (0). That's unfair. It's not his job to decide which unanswered questions about the candidates is more important. If he did, he certainly would not have spent so much time on the birther issue. But apparently that issue is more important than Cheryl Mills getting immunity for her laptop during the FBI investigation. If there was no criminality involved in the e-mail/server case, how did so many people either get immunity, or plead the 5th Amendment? But there was only one question about emails, and no follow up to the entire email story. Of course, Trump should have pivoted and brought up those issues himself, as well. His loss.

Doug:
The moderator does get to decide all of those things. That is exactly what the moderator does. Because you have a strong sense of false equivalency does not mean that others need to adopt it. Trump is in left field, and Holt correctly treated him that way. If you claim for most of the previous president's term that he is not even a citizen of this country, prepare to defend yourself, big league!

I thought the debate was useful for getting to know the character of the two candidates away from their orchestrated events. One of the most surprising to me was Trump's reaction to the recession. Clinton pointed out that Trump was making money while millions of people were losing their homes. Trump replied: "that's called business." When he claimed that he was "smart" for not paying any taxes, he doesn't seem to understand that creates a burden on the middle class taxpayers to make up the difference. I came away thinking that this man has no empathy for anyone else. That may be the biggest realization for some in these debates.

David:
If the rules allow rich people to avoid taxes, then the rules need to change. That's the message that Trump failed to capitalize on. There are rules for rich people, orchestrated by corrupt politicians that get big donations from those same rich people (like Hillary), and then there are rules for everyone else. He's avoided taxes by using this system. He's promised to fix this system of loopholes. And, he is smart to use the system when he can. You and I both take advantage of every means to pay less taxes.

Doug:
Another useful discussion was when he was attempting to make the point that you should "just call Hannity" to see what Trump's position was prior to the war. Trump was a private citizen at that time (and of course still in the media). You can't have it both ways: you can't be a private citizen, and also claim that you had a well-known position at that time, verifiable by calling calling your friend.

David:
Clinton directed people to  her own website to verify her facts. That seems like the same idea.

Doug:
By the way, Trump's campaign has begun to suggest that he may not participate in any more debates. If he doesn't, Clinton should still debate, alone. That will be 90 minutes to further explore whatever candidates participate.

David:
That appears to be a myth. He's said he'll be at all of the debates.

It will probably be a week before we really start seeing some poll numbers to see if the debate moved anyone. It sure had fireworks, and that should bring people back for round two.

Doug:
It will take a week or so to do a proper survey (e.g., get an random sample, adjust, collect).

I did some analysis of the words and language the two candidates did during the debate:

https://athena.brynmawr.edu/jupyter/hub/dblank/public//Experiments/Debate1/Debate01.ipynb

I didn't have time to do more, but enough to get an overview:

Number of times spoke:
  Trump: 126
  Clinton: 93

Number of words spoken:
  Trump: 8,139
  Clinton: 6,237

Number of unique words spoken:
  Trump: 1,269
  Clinton: 1,379

Notice that Trump spoke more often, with more words, but using a more limited vocabulary.

David:
Not sure there's anything of value in those numbers. Trump should have just kept saying, "Jobs, jobs, jobs, and economy, economy, economy." He did mention growth numerous times, because growth is the key, and strong growth is what's been lacking in America for the past 12 years. There are many things, and words,  that sometimes need repeating.

Doug:
Those values are just the facts. Trump did repeat some words many times. Trump said "wrong" 12 times; clinton said "wrong" zero times. Trump also said "mean" 6 times; Clinton said "mean" zero times. Interesting, when Trump was describing Clinton's ads as "mean", many of those ads were composed of nothing more than Trump's own words.

I created "word clouds" based on those words used by each candidate:

Clinton's most used words.

Trump's most used words.
You can see the link above for more words used frequently by the candidates.

David:
In addition to watching the next polls, it will be interesting to see how the candidate's tactics change before the next debate. Remember, Obama got shellacked by Romney in their first debate, but came back strong and, with Candy Crowley's assistance, won the next two.

Doug:
Prediction: Trump will not change much, if anything, in future debates. I think he really did study for this one. He just isn't a debater. In fact, (if he shows up at the debate) he might decide that he studied too much, and that was his problem. Maybe, he is thinking, he should have gone with his instincts and brought up Bill Clinton's sex life. That's what I expect. I know Obama, and Trump is no Obama.

David:
Overall, I'd give this one narrowly to Clinton. Trump needs to stop being so defensive, and go on the attack like he did in the first segment. Clinton has a hundred weaknesses that could be exploited. If someone only watched the first 15 or 20 minutes of the debate, they would have said Trump nailed it. But he didn't sustain that aggressiveness. Maybe he thought he was going to get criticized for being aggressive with the fragile Hillary.

I'd advise him to get a little practice next time. Debating is hard work.

Monday, September 26, 2016

The first debate

Doug:
The first debate is coming up as we write this. We can do this in two parts: predictions, and then we'll live-blog during the debate. First, predictions:


David:
Democrats have shot themselves in the foot. They have set the bar for Trump so low, that all he has to do is show up, look dignified, and say nothing but milk-toast blandness, and he wins. Clinton has gone on and on about how stupid Trump is, how he's racist, and how all his followers are deplorable. As long as he stays calm and hammers her untruthfulness, he'll win.


He has done a number of policy speeches, and since then, has stayed on message, repeating that message in his follow up rallies. And his numbers have gone up steadily.


Hillary, on the other hand, has to somehow undo all of the damage her penchant for secretiveness has done to her campaign. It will be hard for her to change perceptions, especially if she reverts back into her "lawyer-speak" talking points, where she quibbles about details, but fails to explain the big picture about the Clinton Foundation, the server, and the continuing dribble of new emails. She needs to present a concrete reason why she's running, and what the message is. So far, it seems to be, "I'll just keep doing what we're doing, and I'm a woman, so it's my turn". Her team has actually set her bar high, going on about how many debates she's been in before, and that she should have no trouble with Trump.


She only got out on the campaign trail 10 days in August, and had to take a pneumonia break recently. Both of these things have left her looking fragile compared to Trump, who seems to be out every day, at multiple rallies. He seems to thrive on being busy, while she seems to need frequent naps. A coughing fit tonight could be a disaster.


Doug:
I agree that the bar is pretty low for Trump. But you can't blame Democrats for that. Trump firmly placed the bar there himself. Which Trump will show up tonight at the debate? Will it be the one that talks about the size of his manhood? It can't be the one that reads from the teleprompter (there is no teleprompter). Will Clinton bait him into saying something offensive? Will he say something that is completely at odds with the truth? I have no idea. But does it really matter? Those that are already convinced obviously can't be swayed by anything that he says. There is a real danger that a Trump "win" could sway some white, independent voters. Trump is a TV personality. This is his medium.


The bar is pretty low, too, for Clinton, judging by your predictions. There are lots of opportunities for Clinton to make a compelling contrast with Trump. If she can show that her public life of service is extremely well examined, and compare that to Trump's, I think that she could make some inroads into the perception of secretiveness. For example, we actually have no evidence that Trump has any money at all. We have no evidence that Trump has not been dealing with Russia. And yet there are those that think Clinton has more secrets. Compare Clinton's decades of government work to Trump's non-existent governing experience. Compare her detail-oriented "lawyer-speak" with Trump's exaggerations. Being a woman in politics has many drawbacks. But one advantage is in debates:




  • Remarks can come across as patronizing.
  • Stunts can backfire.
  • One-liners can go sour.
  • Women can hit hard on sexist remarks.


Of course, Trump usually goes against such deference. But that would probably offend those that he needs to sway (white, middle class).


My predictions: Race issues will be front and center. Trump won't have much to say in the way of policy, or understanding. Clinton will have details on plans, programs, and policies. Trump will attempt to be less abrasive, but won't be able to control himself. The post-debate media discussion will attempt to declare a "winner" between the TV personality that "looks presidential" (e.g., he is a man) and the policy wonk.


---- THE FIRST DEBATE BEGINS! ----


David:
As the debate is getting ready to begin, I noted that Hofstra has issued a “trigger warning” to students watching the debates. Seriously?


Doug:
A trigger warning only is a warning. What was the trigger warning about?


David:
trigger warning.jpg


Doug:
Oh, the trigger warning is for the actual physical audience. I guess because it is a college campus. They may talk about Trump.


Here come the spouses. Lester Holt taking the stage. Estimates of 100 million viewers. Should start in about 5 minutes.


Here we go. Six segments, 15 minutes each. First question: Jobs. Clinton answers with a complete answer covering many aspects of policy and plans. Clinton's answer was rehearsed. Trump sounds like he is rambling.


David:
Bernie Sander’s populist message. For not having rehearsed, he stick’s to the issues well. People are not looking for a well-rehearsed career politician. Jobs, jobs, and jobs. This is why 20% of traditional Democrat union households support him. This is where Bernie made inroads.


Doug:
Donald is very careful so far. He even agreed with Clinton once. Clinton trying to bait Trump, mentioning money he borrowed from his dad. He has only mentioned "China" twice so far.


David:
Let’s see if she produces that laugh she does every time she’s gets ready to tell a whopper of a lie, or some canned answer. While you may not care about China, many Americans do. Especially those who used to have jobs that are now in China.


Doug:
Trump: "Secretary Clinton? Is that ok to call you that? I want you to be very happy." Stange statement. He sure is sniffing a lot. Clinton now reviewing the good recovery we have had over the Obama years.


David:
Did the Wall Street princess just say she was going to do something about Wall Street? Like, ask them for some more cash? This just isn’t believable.


Good recovery during the Obama years? Many Americans don’t believe it, because they aren’t living it.


Doug:
Trump interrupting… not happy with Clinton's summary. Trump repeating himself. I don't think him jumping into her talking is going to be received well.


David:
He continues to make a play for both Michigan and Ohio. So she plays up the Bill CLinton angle, even though she has taken stances against Bill’s policies.


If she interrupts him, I’d say he can interrupt right back. Double standard?


She says the job losses from NAFTA are just “your opinion”. Let’s see how unemployed workers in those states feel about that.


Doug:
Trump doesn't like NAFTA. Clinton: "I know you live in your own reality." Trump: "You have no plan." Clinton: "Oh, I do. I have written a book about it."


David:
He should be careful how forcefully he goes after her. I agree that it’s a fine line between being forceful, and being rude. So far, he’s landing a lot of populist blows. For people who feel the country is weak, that will score points.


Doug:
He does seem angry. She seems calm. Those at home playing drinking games: "I can't keep up!" He just literally said "Big League"!


David:
She just said you can go to a fact checker from Hillary’s web site? I’m sure it’s unbiased.
Uh oh, she seems a little flustered all of the sudden. She’s starting to stutter.


Doug:
Wow… Trump just went off the handle. Trump: "You are telling ISIS your plan! My plan is not to mention my plan." Ok, that was paraphrased.


David:
Smart move to insinuate he’s General MacArthur, and she’s weak. He’s doing a better job than I expected. Do you think she’ll stay calm throughout the entire debate, or will she try to play the game.


Doug:
He is angrier than I thought he would be. Hey, Trump: shutup! She is talking.


David:
I’d say he’s being forceful, but a lot more than I expected also. Again, he needs to be careful not to interrupt too much, but she is having trouble putting together a string of ideas that people can follow easily because of it. She may be in trouble if she only comes across as a wonk.


Doug:
Trump: "Believe me." Take a drink!


David:
Tax returns. Let’s see what answer comes out here.


"Financial statement of sorts"? He might escape answering this question. That’s a lesson learned from Bill Clinton: “It’s the economy, Stupid”.


Doug:
Trump: "My taxes? We need to think like me! I will release my taxes when Clinton undeletes 33,000 emails."


David:
I think he just said he’d release his taxes when she produces deleted emails. She’s landing a lot of good blows talking about the taxes. He should interrupt her now!!


Doug:
Trump: "Paying $0 in taxes makes me smart."


David:
I caught that, too. Makes me think he hasn’t paid anything, or has been able to use the system to cut his rates.


Doug:
I think you are right. Holt should ask: "If everyone were as smart as you, no one would pay taxes. How would the country operate? How would we run our military?"


David:
Emails. Discussing her aids all taking the 5th Amendment is a winning argument. But he needs to drop the tax issue. She hurt him there, and continuing to talk about “being under-leveraged” is losing me, and probably a lot of others. Tomorrow, the liberal press will be repeating her answer about the tax returns.


He’s back on track talking about infrastructure.

Oh, he needs to get her off the discussions of his finances. She’s killing him here.


Auuuugh, Kryptonite!!


Doug:
Lester: "I need a drink". Ok, he really didn't say that. But he is thinking that. Trump: Sniff. Sniff.


David:
Maybe he has a cold.


Whew, let’s get onto a new subject.


Doug:
My twitter feed thinks he did coke before the debate. New topic: race.


David:
So far, Lester has teed up some questions in ways that seem tailored to Hillary’s strong suits. Let’s see how they each respond to the subject.


Doug:
Jobs and race are Clinton's strong suits?


David:
Oh, you’re right. Jobs and the economy are not her strong suit. Sorry.


Doug:
So which is it? Lester is on Clinton's side, or not?


David:
He didn’t pick the topics, but his questions fit her narrative. But if you're a Democrat or a Republican, and you’re the host, how could you avoid it? So far, I think he’s doing a good job.


Doug:
You mean the narrative of someone running for president of the US? I think he is doing a fairly good job. I wish he wouldn't let Trump interrupt. Trump: "A very-against-police judge."


David:
Lester should be careful not to act as fact-checker, ala Candy Crowley.


Doug:
Lester should not let Trump lie his ass off. Sniff! Stop and frisk was ruled unconstitutional.


David:
How many times has a judge made a ruling that was overturned by a higher court? That’s what he’s saying. It was found unconstitutional, but the case was not appealed. She’s wrong,  it was very effective.


Doug:
Nope. Clinton: "Let's get rid of private prisons." Amen to that!


David:
Smart for him not to argue with her when she’s making a case for sentencing restructuring.


Oh oh, now she’s going after guns.


Doug:
Everyone is implicitly biased, that is a fact, Lester.


David:
But the question is are all police biased in the same way? No.


Doug:
Yes. Research shows that black and white people are biased against black people. All in the same way. We looked that that in this blog many months ago.


David:
Right, black people are biased against black people. So even if all officers are black, black people will still be targeted.


Stats. Good to bring some numbers to the discussion. Stop and frisk limited crime in NYC.


Doug:
Trump: "It is hard to believe. Beyond belief." Maybe because it isn't true.

Lester, get him on track! Follow the rules!


David:
Now, she’s breaking the same rules.


Doug:
Birtherism!


David:
I can’t really believe that this issue is worthy of the first debate. I suppose that the folks who want salacious talk will push it.


Doug:
Trump claimed the president was not a legitimate president up until January of this year. Sniff! The birth certificate issue is about a subtle dig about race.


David:
The best way to eliminate a candidate is to get them disqualified. Trump used the same argument in attacking Cruz (who was born in Canada, to American parents). Cruz isn’t black.


Doug:
Clinton: "Trump started his Presidential bid claiming our first African-American President was not a citizen of this country." That sums it up pretty well.


David:
I think there is some evidence that her camp introduced the idea.


The only requirement to run for President is to be over 35, and be a natural-born citizen. In local elections, the debate is residency, signatures, or filing deadlines. Same thing, and not racist.


Doug:
No, there is no evidence. And Clinton never, ever, mentioned such vicious lies.


David:
Right, and no evidence she did anything wrong with her server, either.


New topic. So far, I think Trump won the first segment, Hillary won the second. Not sure how the last part will play out. The main question about race was to talk about the birther issue? Seriously?


Doug:
Trump made me drink more. BTW, here is a transcript of the debate with fact-checking interspersed:




The CIA says Russia hacked into the DNC.


David:
Fact check: The CIA said the hack resembles attacks they believe originate in Russia.


And the NPR? Maybe you should just go back to promoting Hillary's own web site fact checking. Apparently she’s always right….


I think Gary Johnson just called and asked, “What’s Aleppo”.


Doug:
Trump: "Wrong. Wrong. Wrong." Speaking over Clinton. Not appealing.


David:
Hillary calling someone else a liar? That’s funny.


Wait, The withdrawal of troops from Iraq during the Obama Presidency is all Bush’s fault? Is there anything that isn’t Bush’s fault, even now, in 2016?


Doug:
Trump seems less orange. Needs a recharge? Trump: "I haven't given NATO a lot of thought." Duh.


David:
I was actually thinking the same thing Trump just said as Clinton was talking: we’ve been waiting for Middle-Eastern countries to step up for the past 8 years, with little to show for it. Maybe Trump has been reading our blog, and is starting to think like me?

Lester will look bad if he starts arguing with Trump. For anyone who already believes that the media is biased, this feeds the narrative.  This question is phrased just to give him a reason to go after Trump. I call foul.


It would be like asking Clinton, “Since you broke the law with your email scandals…”


Doug:
Trump: "Call my friend and ask him if I was against the war. He'll tell you." Thank you, Clinton, for bringing this back to reality, and something that we actually care about.


David:
Uh, Oh. She ‘s really going to bring up the Iran deal? She’s making the case that she’s the same as Obama and Kerry.


Doug:
Trump: "Blowing people out of the water wouldn't start a war." Oh, no?


David:
Just lost my feed...hang on


Doug:
I'll keep you informed. Trump just took off his pants. He just called Obama "Your President." Wow. Last topic: nuclear weapons.


David:
Back. Wow, he got his pants back on pretty fast. Clinton would have probably fallen trying to do that. Of course, she’s probably about to pass out anyway. It’s been a hour and a half.


Doug:
Trump: "China. China. China."


David:
He needs to get back to his message.


Doug:
Indeed. Clinton: "Words matter."


David:
Smart. She’s sounding like a president right now as she discusses the foreign leaders she has talked with about mutual defenses.


Doug:
Yes, that is probably her strong suit.


David:
Is that what you’re calling her pant suit now, her strong suit?


People generally remember the beginning of a debate, and the end. He’s needs to finish strong.


Doug:
Trump: "Does she look presidential? No, she has no stamina." Bait and switch. He is good at it. Trump: "Ok, she has stamina. But it is bad stamina."


David:
Playing the gender card. She just said that Trump said “women should only get paid the same as men if they do a good job.” Makes sense.


Dang, lost my FB feed again, just when it was getting good. Hang on...and keep your pants on!


Doug:
The NPR transcript shows she said basically that, but I think she meant "women should only get paid the same as men if they do a better job."


That's it. The end. Trump ended with a statement saying that he would support her if she won.


David:
Did Clinton say she would support him if he won?


Doug:
She said that she supports the democratic process. I think Lester's question was about whether Trump would call for civil war, or something.


David:
Lester didn’t actually insinuate that, did he?


Doug:
Trump has insinuated it, but not in the debate. Trump has been suggesting that the election is rigged, and it has sounded (to some) like he is setting the stage for a coup.


David:

More likely coupons, for Trump steaks. He is a businessman, after all.